"Spoken language is language in flux" (Halliday, 1991, p. It is postulated that a written text is "fixed in time and space," and it can be read and revised over and over again whereas an oral text is subject to" the hearer's moment-by-moment interpretation" (Michaels, 1991, p. This approach is useful when we consider the distinctive features of spoken and written language and their relationship to function. When people use language, they make choices about the linguistic resources available to them in order to make language do what they want or need it to (Halliday, 1973). Systemic functional linguists propose that language is a system of options in meaning-making, and that function is the fundamental principle of language (Halliday, 1994 Halliday & Hasan, 1989).
The results pose a challenge to our understanding of emerging language forms and functions.įunctional complementarity between two languages in ICQ Particular elements of one language are blended with those of the other to serve various functions, that is, the two languages complement each other functionally. There are the typical functional differences between written and spoken language, but at the same time the frequent Chinese-English switch suggests that this is bilinguals' most effective way of managing the pressure to achieve specific purposes in on-line, real time communication. Findings suggest a multileveled functional complementarity between Chinese and English in ICQ texts. Most ICQ histories (95%) were written in an admixture of English and Chinese both at intersentential and intrasentential levels. It is based on a linguistic analysis of 40 ICQ histories (24490 lines, 197579 words) which have been collected from 21 tertiary students in Hong Kong. This paper investigates how bilinguals realign to the requirements of communication within the context of modern technology by using a "mixed code". The concept of functional complementarity between speech and writing takes on a new dimension as a result of two phenomena in computer-mediated communication: hybridization of spoken and written forms of a single language and hybridization of different languages.
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